LAWRENCE W. TOWNSEND
JOURNAL ARTICLES (All Peer-Reviewed)
1. Deutchman, P.A.; and Townsend, L.W.: Coherent Isobar Production in Peripheral Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 45, No. 20, November 1980, pp. 1622-1625.
2. Townsend, L.W.; and Deutchman, P.A.: Isobar Giant Resonance Formation in Self-Conjugate Nuclei. Nuclear Physics A, Vol. 355, No. 2, March 1981, pp. 502-532.
3. Wilson, J.W.; and Townsend, L.W.: An Optical Model for Composite Nuclear Scattering. Canadian Journal of Physics, Vol. 59, No. 11, November 1981, pp. 1569-1576.
4. Deutchman, P.A.; and Townsend, L.W.: Isobars and Isobaric Analog States. Physical Review C, Vol. 25, No. 2, February 1982, pp. 1105-1107.
5. Townsend, L.W.; and Wilson, J.W.: Comment on Nucleus-Nucleus Total Reaction Cross Sections. Physical Review C, Vol. 25, No. 3, March 1982, pp. 1679-1681.
6. Townsend, L.W.; Wilson, J.W.; and Bidasaria, H.B.: On the Geometric Nature of High-Energy Nucleus-Nucleus Reaction Cross Sections. Canadian Journal of Physics, Vol. 60, No. 10, October 1982, pp 1514-1518.
7. Townsend, L.W.: Abrasion Cross Sections for 20Ne Projectiles at 2.1 GeV/Nucleon. Canadian Journal of Physics, Vol. 61, No. 1, January 1983, pp. 93-98.
8. Bidasaria, H.B.; Townsend, L.W.; and Wilson, J.W.: Theory of Carbon-Carbon Scattering from 200 to 290 MeV. Journal of Physics G: Nuclear Physics, Vol. 9, No. 1, Januray 1983, pp. L17-L20.
9. Townsend, L.W.; Bidasaria, H.B.; and Wilson, J.W.: Eikonal Phase Shift Analyses of Carbon-Carbon Scattering. Canadian Journal of Physics, Vol. 61, No. 6, June 1983, pp. 867-871.
10. Deutchman, P.A.; Madigan, R.L.; Norbury, J.W.; and Townsend, L.W.: Pion Production Through Coherent Isobar Formation in Heavy-Ion Collisions. Physics Letters B, Vol. 132, Nos. 1-3, November 24, 1983, pp. 44-46.
11. Bidasaria, H.B.; and Townsend, L.W.: Microscopic Optical Potential Analyses of Carbon-Carbon Elastic Scattering. Canadian Journal of Physics, Vol. 61, No. 12, December 1983, pp. 1660-1662.
12. Townsend, L.W.: HZE Particle Shielding Using Confined Magnetic Fields. Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets, Vol. 20, No. 6, November/December 1983, pp 629-630.
13. Townsend, L.W.; Deutchman, P.A.; Madigan, R.L.; and Norbury, J.W.: Pion Production Via Isobar Giant Resonance Formation and Decay. Nuclear Physics A, Vol. 415, No. 3, March 19, 1984, pp. 520-529.
14. Wilson, J.W.; Townsend, L.W.; Bidasaria, H.B.; Schimmerling, W.; Wong, M.; and Howard, J.: 20Ne Depth-Dose Relations in Water. Health Physics, Vol. 46, No. 5, May 1984, pp. 1101-1111.
15. Townsend, L.W.; Wilson, J.W.; and Norbury, J.W.: A Simplified Optical Model Description of Heavy Ion Fragmentation. Canadian Journal of Physics, Vol. 63, No. 2, February 1985, pp. 135-138.
16. Norbury, J.W.; Deutchman, P.A.; and Townsend, L.W.: A Particle-Hole Calculation for Pion Production in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions. Nuclear Physics A, Vol. 433, No. 4, February 18, 1985, pp. 691-712.
17. Norbury, J.W.; Townsend, L.W.; and Deutchman, P.A.: A Complex T-Matrix Derivation of a Resonance Amplitude. Physics Letters A, Vol. 109, No. 6, June 3, 1985, pp. 261-264.
18. Norbury, J.W.; Cucinotta, F.A.; Deutchman, P.A.; and Townsend, L.W.: Theoretical Spectral Distributions and Total Cross Sections for Neutral Subthreshold Pion Production in Carbon-Carbon Collisions. Physical Review Letters, Vol. 55, No. 7, August 12, 1985, pp. 681-683.
19. Deutchman, P.A.; Norbury, J.W.; and Townsend, L.W.: Total and Differential Cross Sections for Pion Production Via Coherent Isobar and Giant Resonance Formation in Heavy-Ion Collisions. Canadian Journal of Physics, Vol. 63, No. 9, September 1985, pp. 1242-1248.
20. Deutchman, P.A.; Buvel, R.L.; Maung, K.M.; Norbury, J.W.; and Townsend, L.W.: Quantum Mechanical Signature in Exclusive Coherent Pion Production. Physical Review C, Vol. 33, No. 1, January 1986, pp. 396-397.
21. Buck, W.W.; Norbury, J.W.; Townsend, L.W.; and Wilson, J.W.: Theoretical Antideuteron-Nucleus Absorptive Cross Sections. Physical Review C, Vol. 33, No. 1, January 1986, pp. 234-238.
22. Norbury, J.W.; and Townsend, L.W.: Theoretical Estimates of Photo-Production Cross Sections for Neutral Subthreshold Pions in Carbon-Carbon Collisions. Physical Review C, Vol. 33, No. 1, January 1986, pp. 377-378.
23. Wilson, J.W.; Townsend, L.W.; and Buck, W.W.: On the Biological Hazard of Galactic Antinuclei. Health Physics, Vol. 50, No. 5, May 1986, pp. 666-667.
24. Deutchman, P.A.; Norbury, J.W.; and Townsend, L.W.: Theoretical Contributions to Coherent Pion Production in Subthreshold and Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions. Nuclear Physics A, Vol. 454, Nos. 3/4, 23/30 June 1986, pp. 733-745.
25. Townsend, L.W.; and Wilson, J.W.: Energy-Dependent Parameterization of Heavy Ion Absorption Cross Sections. Radiation Research, Vol. 106, No. 3, June 1986, pp. 283-287.
26. Townsend, L.W.; Wilson, J.W.; Cucinotta, F.A.; and Norbury, J.W.: Comparison of Abrasion Model Differences in Heavy Ion Fragmentation: Optical Versus Geometric Models. Physical Review C, Vol. 34, No. 4, October 1986, pp. 1491-1494.
27. Norbury, J.W.; Badavi, F.F.; and Townsend, L.W.: Predicting Charmonium and Bottomonium Spectra with a Quark Harmonic Oscillator. American Journal of Physics, Vol. 54, No. 11, November 1986, pp. 1031-1034.
28. Deutchman, P.A.; Maung, K.M.; Norbury, J.W.; Rasmussen, J.O.; and Townsend, L.W.: Delta - Excitations and Shell Model Information in Heavy- Ion , Charge-Exchange Reactions. Physical Review C, Vol. 34, No. 6, December 1986, pp. 2377-2379.
29. Wilson, J.W.; Townsend, L.W.; and Badavi, F.F.: A Semiempirical Nuclear Fragmentation Model. Nuclear Instruments and Methods B, Vol. B18, No. 3, February 1987, pp. 225-231.
30. Wilson, J.W.; Townsend, L.W.; and Badavi, F.F.: Galactic HZE Propagation through the Earth's Atmosphere. Radiation Research, Vol. 109, No. 2, February 1987, pp. 173-183.
31. Townsend, L.W.; Wilson, J.W.; and Cucinotta, Francis A.: A Simple Parameterization for Quality Factor as a Function of LET. Health Physics, Vol. 53, No. 5, November 1987, pp. 531-532.
32. Badavi, F.F.; Townsend, L.W.; Wilson, J.W.; and Norbury, J.W.: An Algorithm for a Semiempirical Nuclear Fragmentation Model. Computer Physics Communications, Vol. 47, 1987, pp. 281-194.
33. Townsend, L.W.; and Wilson, J.W.: Comment of Trends of Total Reaction Cross Sections for Heavy Ion Collisions in the Intermediate Energy Range. Physical Review C, Vol. 37, No. 2, February 1988, pp. 892-893.
34. Townsend, L.W.; and Wilson, J.W.: An Evaluation of Energy-Independent Heavy Ion Transport Coefficient Approximations. Health Physics, Vol. 54, No. 4, April 1988, pp. 409-412.
35. Wilson, J.W.; and Townsend, L.W.: A Benchmark for Galactic Cosmic Ray Transport Codes. Radiation Research, Vol. 114, No. 2, May 1988, pp. 201-207.
36. Norbury, J.W.; Cucinotta, F.A.; Townsend, L.W.; and Badavi, F.F.: Parameterized Cross Sections for Coulomb-Dissociation in Heavy Ion Collisions. Nuclear Instruments and Methods B, Vol. 31, No. 4, June 1988, pp. 535-537.
37. Wilson, J.W.; Townsend, L.W.; Ganapol, B.; Chun, S.Y.; and Buck, W.W.: Charged Particle Transport in One Dimension. Nuclear Science and Engineering, Vol. 99, No. 3, July 1988, pp. 285-287.
38. Wilson, J.W.; Chun, S.Y.; Buck, W.W.; and Townsend,L.W.: High Energy Nucleon Data Bases. Health Physics, Vol. 55, No. 5, November 1988, pp. 817-819.
39. Wilson, J.W.; and Townsend, L.W.: Radiation Safety in Commercial Air Traffic. Health Physics, Vol. 55, No. 6, December 1988, pp. 1001-1003.
40. Townsend, L.W.; Nealy, J.E.; Wilson, J.W.; and Atwell, W.: Large Solar Flare Radiation Shielding Requirements for Manned Interplanetary Mission. Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets, Vol. 26, No. 2, March/April 1989, pp. 126-128.
41. Cucinotta, F.A.; Khandelwal, G.S.; Townsend, L.W.; and Wilson, J.W.: Correlations in aš - aš S c a t t e r i n g a n d S e m i - C l a s s i c a l O p t i c a l M o d e l s . P h y s i c s L e t t e r s B , V o l . 2 2 3 , N o . 2 , J u n e 8 , 1 9 8 9 , p p . 1 2 7 - 1 3 2 .
4 2 . G r o s s , F . ; M a u n g , K . M . ; T j o n , J . A . ; T o w n s e n d , L . W . ; a n d W a l l a c e , S . J . : P s e u d o - S c a l a r P i - N C o u p l i n g a n d R e l a t i v i s t i c P r o t o n - N u c l e u s S c a t tering. Physical Review C, Vol. 40, No. 1, July 1989, pp. R10-R12.
43. Wilson, J.W.; and Townsend, L.W.: Cosmic-Ray Neutron Albedo Dose in Low Earth Orbit. Health Physics, Vol. 57, No. 4, October 1989, pp. 665-668.
44. Wilson, J.W.; Townsend, L.W.; and Khan, F.: Evaluation of Highly Ionizing Components in High Energy Nucleon Radiation Fields. Health Physics, Vol. 57, No. 5, November 1989, pp. 717-724.
45. Wilson, J.W.; Townsend, L.W.; Lamkin, S.L.; and Ganapol, B.D.: A Closed From Solution to HZE Propagation. Radiation Research, Vol. 122, No. 2, May 1990, pp. 223-228.
46. Wilson, J.W.; Shinn, J.L.; and Townsend, L.W.: Nuclear Reaction Effects in Conventional Risk Assessment for Energetic Ion Exposure. Health Physics, Vol. 58, No. 6, June 1990, pp. 749-752.
47. Simonsen, L.C.; Nealy, J.E.; Townsend, L.W.; and Wilson, J.W.: Space Radiation Dose Estimates on the Surface of Mars. Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets, Vol. 27, No. 4, July/August 1990, pp. 353-354.
48. Norbury, J.W. and Townsend, L.W.: Single Nucleon Emission in Relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Reactions. Physical Review C, Vol. 42, No. 4, October 1990, pp. 1775-1777.
49. Simonsen, L.C.; Nealy, J.E.; Townsend, L.W.; Wilson, J.W.; Martian Regolith as Space Radiation Shielding. Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets, Vol. 28, No. 1, January/February 1991, pp. 7-8.
50. Khan, F.; Khandelwal, G.S.; Townsend, L.W.; Wilson, J.W.; and Norbury, J.W.: An Optical Model Description of Momentum Transfer in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions. Physical Review C, Vol. 43, No. 3, March 1991, pp. 1372-1377.
51. Gross, F.; Maung, K.M.; Tjon, J.A.; Townsend, L.W.; and Wallace, S.J.: Relativistic Proton-Nucleus Scattering and One Boson Exchange Models. Physical Review C, Vol. 43, No. 3, March 1991, pp. 1378-1388.
52. Townsend, L.W.; Shinn, J.L.; and Wilson, J.W.: Interplanetary Crew Exposure Estimates for the August 1972 and October 1989 Solar Particle Events. Radiation Research, Vol. 126, April 1991, pp. 108-110.
53. Townsend, L.W.; Norbury, J.W.; and Khan, F.: Calculations of Hadronic Dissociation of 28Si Projectiles at 14.6 A GeV by Nucleon Emission. Physical Review C, Vol. 43, No. 5, May 1991, pp. R2045-R2048.
54. Townsend, L.W.; Wilson, J.W.; Khan, F.; and Khandelwal, G.S.: Momentum Transfer in Relativistic Heavy Ion Charge Exchange Reactions. Physical Review C, vol. 44, No. 1, July 1991, pp. 540-542.
55. Cucinotta, F.A.; Katz, R.; Wilson, J.W.; Townsend, L.W.; Shinn, J.; and Hajnal, F.: Biological Effectiveness of High-Energy Protons: Target Fragmentation. Radiation Research, Vol. 127, August 1991, pp. 130-137.
56. Townsend, L.W.; Cucinotta, F.A.; and Wilson, J.W.: Interplanetary Crew Exposure Estimates for Galactic Cosmic Rays. Radiation Research, Vol. 129, No. 1, January 1992, pp. 48-52.
57. Townsend, L.W.; Wilson, J.W.; Cucinotta, F.A.; and Shinn, J.L.: Galactic Cosmic Ray Transport Methods and Radiation Quality Issues. Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements, Vol.20, No. 1, January 1992, pp. 65-72.
58. Cucinotta, F.A.; Wilson, J.W.; Townsend, L.W.; Shinn, J.L.; and Katz, R.: Track Structure Model for Damage to Mammalian Cell Cultures During Solar Proton Events. Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements, Vol. 20, No. 1, January 1992, pp. 177-184.
59. Townsend, L.W.; Cucinotta, F.A.; Shinn, Judy L.; and Wilson, J.W.: Risk Analyses for the Solar Particle Events of August Through December 1989. Radiation Research, Vol. 130, No. 1, April 1992, pp. 1-6.
60. Cucinotta, F.A.; Townsend, L.W.; and Wilson, J.W.: Inclusive Inelastic Scattering of Heavy Ions in the Independent Particle Model. Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics, Vol. 18, No. 5, May 1992, pp. 889-901.
61. Cucinotta, F.A.; Townsend, L.W.; and Wilson, J.W.; Multiple Scattering Effects in Quasielastic aš- 1 2 C C o l l i s i o n s a t 2 A G e V . P h y s i c s L e t t e r s B , V o l . 2 8 2 , N o s . 1 , 2 , M a y 2 1 , 1 9 9 2 , p p . 1 - 6 .
6 2 . C u c i n o t t a , F . A . ; T o w n s e n d , L . W . ; a n d W i l s o n , J . W . : M u l t i p l e S c a t t e r i n g E f f e c t s i n Q u a s i e l a s t i c aš- 4 H e S c a t t e r i n g . P h y s i c a l R e v i e w C , V o l . 4 6 , N o . 4 , O c t o b e r 1 992, pp. 1451-1456.
63. Tripathi, R.K.; Townsend, L.W.; and Khan, F.: Phenomenology of Flow Disappearance in Intermediate - Energy Heavy Ion Collisions. Physical Review C, Vol. 47, No. 3, March 1993, pp. R935-R937.
64. Norbury, J.W.; and Townsend, L.W.: Cross Section Parameterizations for Cosmic Ray Nuclei I. Single Nucleon Removal. Astrophysical Journal Supplements, Vol. 86, No. 2, May 1993, pp. 307-312.
65. Khan, F.; and Townsend, L.W.: Widths of Transverse Momentum Distributions in Intermediate-Energy Heavy Ion Collisions. Physical Review C, Vol. 48, No. 2, August 1993, pp. R513-R516.
66. John, S.; Townsend, L.W.; Wilson, J.W.; and Tripathi, R.K.: Geometric Model for Nuclear Absorption from Microscopic Theory. Physical Review C, Vol. 48, No. 2, August 1993, pp. 766-773.
67. Khan, F.; Townsend, L.W.; Tripathi, R.K.; and Cucinotta, F.A.: Universal Characteristics of Transverse Momentum Transfer in Intermediate Energy Heavy Ion Collisions. Physical Review C, Vol. 48, No. 2, August 1993, pp. 926-928.
68. Shavers, M.R.; Frankel, K.; Miller, J.; Schimmerling, W.; Townsend, L.W.; and Wilson, J.W.: The Fragmentation of 670 A MeV Neon-20 as a Function of Depth in Water. III. Analytic Multi-Generation Transport Theory. Radiation Research, Vol. 134, No. 1, October 1993, pp. 1-14.
69. Townsend, L.W.; Khan, F.; and Tripathi, R.K.: Optical Model Analyses of 1.65A GeV Argon Fragmentation: Cross Sections and Momentum Distributions. Physical Review C, Vol. 48, No. 6, December 1993, pp. 2912-2919.
70. Tripathi, R.K.; Townsend, L.W.; and Khan, F.: Role of Intrinsic Width in Fragment Momentum Distributions in Heavy Ion Collisions. Physical Review C, Vol. 49, No. 4, April 1994, pp. R1775-R1777.
71. Tripathi, R.K. and Townsend, L.W.: Simple Parameterization of Fragment Reduced Widths in Heavy Ion Collisions. Physical Review C, Vol. 49, No. 4, April 1994, pp. 2237-2239.
72. Townsend, L.W.: Optical Model Analyses of Heavy Ion Fragmentation in Hydrogen Targets. Physical Review C, Vol. 49, No. 6, June 1994, pp. 3158-3161.
73. Tripathi, R.K. and Townsend, L.W.: Bose Condensation of Nuclei in Heavy Ion Collisions. Physical Review C, Vol. 50, No. 1, July 1994, pp. R7-R9.
74. Wilson, J.W.; Shinn, J.L.; Townsend, L.W.; Tripathi, R.K.; Badavi, F.F.; and Chun, S.Y.: NUCFRG2: A Semiempirical Nuclear Fragmentation Model. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Part B, Vol. 94, 1994, pp. 95-102.
75. Meador, W.E.; Miner, G.A.; and Townsend, L.W.: Bulk Viscosity as a Relaxation Parameter: Fact or Fiction? Physics of Fluids, Vol. 8, No. 1, January 1996, pp. 258-261.
76. Townsend, L.W. and Meador, W.E.: Vibrational Relaxation and Sound Absorption and Dispersion in Binary Mixtures of Gases. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Vol. 99, No. 2, February 1996, pp. 920-925.
77. Zeitlin, C.; Heilbronn, L.; Miller, J.; Schimmerling, W.; Townsend, L.W.; Tripathi, R.K. and Wilson, J.W.: The Fragmentation of 510A MeV 56Fe in Polyethylene II. Comparisons Between Data and a Model. Radiation Research, Vol. 145, 1996, pp. 666-672.
78. Townsend, L.W.: Secondary Electron Spectra From Charged Particle Interactions, ICRP Report No. 55 (Book Review). Radiation Research, Vol. 147, No. 2, February 1997, p.273.
Cucinotta, F.A.; Wilson, J.W.; and Townsend, L.W.: Abrasion-Ablation Model For Neutron Production in Heavy Ion Collisions. Nuclear Physics A, Vol. 619, Nos. 1-2, June 6, 1997, pp. 202-212.
80. Ramsey, C. R.; Townsend, L. W.; Tripathi, R. K.; and Cucinotta, F. A.: Optical Model Methods of Predicting Nuclide Production from Spallation Reactions. Physical Review C, Vol. 57, No. 2, February 1998 (in press).
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